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Give step-by-step solution with explanation and final answer:
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Asked by: Test User 100060
Created at: 2025-04-26 11:15:27
Asked by: Test User 100060
Created at: 2025-04-26 11:15:27
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Question:
Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix. A = [-7 4 -1 -3]
This is AI generated Response.
Asked by: Test User 100060
Created at: 2025-04-26 11:17:27
Asked by: Test User 100060
Created at: 2025-04-26 11:17:27
Final Answer:
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Let's carefully analyze the problem: you provided a matrix \(A\) as \([-7 \quad 4 \quad -1 \quad -3]\). However, this appears to be a 1x4 row vector, which cannot have eigenvalues or eigenvectors.
**Possible clarification needed:**
- If the matrix is intended to be a square matrix (e.g., 2x2, 3x3, 4x4), please specify the entire matrix.
- If this is part of a larger matrix, please provide the complete matrix.
- If you meant a different matrix, please clarify.
---
### Assumption:
**Suppose you meant a 2x2 matrix, for example:**
\[
A = \begin{bmatrix}
-7 & 4 \\
-1 & -3
\end{bmatrix}
\]
**This is a common size for such problems.**
---
### Step 1: Find the eigenvalues
Eigenvalues \(\lambda\) satisfy the characteristic equation:
\[
\det(A - \lambda I) = 0
\]
Where \(I\) is the identity matrix.
\[
A - \lambda I = \begin{bmatrix}
-7 - \lambda & 4 \\
-1 & -3 - \lambda
\end{bmatrix}
\]
Calculate the determinant:
\[
(-7 - \lambda)(-3 - \lambda) - (4)(-1) = 0
\]
Expand:
\[
(-7 - \lambda)(-3 - \lambda) + 4 = 0
\]
Multiply out:
\[
(-7)(-3) + (-7)(-\lambda) + (-\lambda)(-3) + (-\lambda)(-\lambda) + 4 = 0
\]
which simplifies to:
\[
21 + 7\lambda + 3\lambda + \lambda^2 + 4 = 0
\]
Combine like terms:
\[
\lambda^2 + (7\lambda + 3\lambda) + (21 + 4) = 0
\]
\[
\lambda^2 + 10\lambda + 25 = 0
\]
---
### Step 2: Solve the quadratic
\[
\lambda^2 + 10\lambda + 25 = 0
\]
Discriminant:
\[
D = (10)^2 - 4 \times 1 \times 25 = 100 - 100 = 0
\]
Since \(D=0\), there is one repeated eigenvalue:
\[
\lambda = \frac{-10 \pm \sqrt{0}}{2} = \frac{-10}{2} = -5
\]
**Eigenvalue:**
\[
\boxed{\lambda = -5}
\]
---
### Step 3: Find the eigenvector corresponding to \(\lambda = -5\)
Solve:
\[
(A - \lambda I) \mathbf{v} = 0
\]
\[
A - (-5) I = A + 5 I = \begin{bmatrix}
-7 + 5 & 4 \\
-1 & -3 + 5
\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}
-2 & 4 \\
-1 & 2
\end{bmatrix}
\]
Set up the system:
\[
-2x + 4y = 0
\]
\[
-1x + 2y = 0
\]
Both equations are dependent; pick the first:
\[
-2x + 4y = 0 \Rightarrow 4y = 2x \Rightarrow y = \frac{1}{2}x
\]
Let \(x = 1\), then:
\[
y = \frac{1}{2} \times 1 = \frac{1}{2}
\]
**Eigenvector:**
\[
\mathbf{v} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ \frac{1}{2} \end{bmatrix}
\]
Or, scaled to clear fractions:
\[
\mathbf{v} = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}
\]
---
### **Final answer:**
**Eigenvalues:**
\[
\boxed{\lambda = -5 \quad (\text{double eigenvalue})}
\]
**Eigenvector corresponding to \(\lambda = -5\):**
\[
\boxed{\mathbf{v} = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}}
\]
---
### **Summary:**
- The matrix \(A\) (assumed 2x2) has a single eigenvalue \(\lambda =
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